CO₂ supercritical extraction is a highly efficient method used to extract essential oils, active compounds, and other substances from plant or raw material by utilizing carbon dioxide (CO₂) in its supercritical state. In this state, CO₂ behaves as both a liquid and a gas, allowing it to penetrate materials and dissolve components for extraction and many advantages as below.

1. Non-Toxic and Environmentally Friendly: CO₂ is a safe, non-toxic, and non-flammable solvent. It leaves no harmful residues in the final product, making it ideal for food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

2. High Selectivity: Supercritical CO₂ allows for the selective extraction of specific compounds by adjusting the pressure and temperature, leading to higher purity of the extracts.

3. Gentle Process: The method operates at relatively low temperatures, which helps preserve heat-sensitive compounds like essential oils, vitamins, and antioxidants, ensuring a high-quality final product.

4. No Residual Solvent: Unlike solvent-based extraction methods that may leave traces of chemicals, supercritical CO₂ evaporates completely during depressurization, leaving a pure extract.

5. Reusability of CO₂: The CO₂ can be recycled in the process, making it cost-effective and environmentally friendly.

6. Fast and Efficient: The process is relatively fast, extracting compounds in a shorter amount of time compared to traditional methods.